The Concept of Criminal Liability in Fraud Crimes Involving the Use of Artificial Intelligence
Keywords:
Criminal liability, fraud, artificial intelligence, cybercrime, criminal lawAbstract
Advances in information technology have significantly impacted the modus operandi of criminal acts, particularly digital-based fraud. The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in cybercrimes, including fraud, poses new challenges for the criminal law system. This article aims to analyze the concept of criminal liability for perpetrators who use AI as a tool to commit fraud. The method used is normative research with a legislative and conceptual approach. The development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has presented new challenges in the world of criminal law, particularly related to fraud. AI, originally designed to assist human activities, can now be misused as a tool to carry out fraudulent acts in increasingly complex and difficult-to-detect ways. The use of AI in these crimes not only changes the nature of the crime itself but also raises problems in determining criminal liability.
This study aims to examine the concept of criminal liability in fraud crimes involving artificial intelligence, both when AI is used as a tool by a human perpetrator and when AI operates autonomously, obscuring the perpetrator's identity. The primary focus of this study is an analysis of how Indonesian criminal law accommodates these cases within the current criminal liability framework. The method used in this research is a normative juridical method, with legislative, conceptual, and comparative approaches. This research also examines several international case studies and analyzes relevant legal literature. This is done to find common ground between conventional criminal law principles and disruptive digital technology developments.
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